Participants and clinical diagnostics
All participants were part of the BioFINDER-1 (NCT01208675; n = 398) or BioFINDER-2 (NCT03174938; n = 485) studies, described previously34,40,41. The inclusion criteria were (1) referred to participating secondary memory clinics due to cognitive symptoms recognized by the patient, caregiver and/or the referring physician; (2) age 40–100 years; and (3) speaks and understands Swedish to the extent that an interpreter is not necessary for the patient to fully understand the study information and cognitive tests. The exclusion criteria were (1) significant unstable systemic illness or organ failure, such as terminal cancer, which makes it difficult to participate in the study; and (2) current significant alcohol or substance misuse. Only participants (1) with MCI or dementia at baseline; (2) with complete biomarker data for Aβ, tau and…
