Sample
The convenient sample used for this study comprised of co-twins with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) derived from the Australian Twin Registry as part of a parent study aimed at understanding the impact of type 2 diabetes (T2D) on the brain. In that parent study, twin pairs ≥ 50 years old discordant for T2D were recruited using the Australian Twin Registry as a sampling frame17. Exclusion criteria were a history of significant neurological disease (seizures, dementia, Parkinson’s Disease, severe head trauma), those with insufficient English language ability for cognitive testing, or contraindication to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). T2D diagnosis was based on previous physician diagnosis and T2D status confirmed with fasting glucose level ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (≥ 126 mg/dL), and their co-twin having a fasting glucose level of < 7.0 mmol/L (< 126 mg/dL),…
